Wednesday, November 27, 2013

PEBS Neuroethics Roundup (JHU) [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on Neuroethics & Law Blog // visit site
PEBS Neuroethics Roundup (JHU)
Last Edition's Most Popular Article(s): Gut Bacteria Might Guide The Workings Of Our Minds, National Public Radio Shots Blog In The Popular Press Immunology: The pursuit of happiness, Nature News Just Neurons?, The Neuroethics Blog New Tools Light Up the...

Monday, November 25, 2013

Article: Peek inside your own brain! The rise of DIY neuroscience


Peek inside your own brain! The rise of DIY neuroscience
http://www.salon.com/2013/11/25/peek_inside_your_own_brain_the_rise_of_diy_neuroscience/

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Online Data Trove Exposes Our Cognitive Quirks [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on Scientific American - Mind & Brain // visit site
Online Data Trove Exposes Our Cognitive Quirks
When scientists study how we think, they usually design their experiments to control as many variables as possible. Though essential for careful science, these expensive measures restrict research in...

-- Read more on ScientificAmerican.com


Saturday, November 23, 2013

Sharing Music perception and cognition: development, neural basis, and rehabilitative use of music via BrowZine

Music perception and cognition: development, neural basis, and rehabilitative use of music
Särkämö, Teppo; Tervaniemi, Mari; Huotilainen, Minna
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, Vol. 4 Issue 4 – 2013: 441 - 451

10.1002/wcs.1237

University of Minnesota Users:
https://www.lib.umn.edu/log.phtml?url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/wcs.1237

Non-University of Minnesota Users: (Full text may not be available)
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/wcs.1237

Accessed with BrowZine, supported by University of Minnesota.

Sunday, November 17, 2013

Article: Top 15 Articles on Neuroplasticity, Cognition and Brain Health



Does working memory training work? For whom..and why or why not?

"Under which circumstances, and for which person, can WM be improved and why?"


The above title is a quote from a new article by van Basian and Oberauer (2013) that provides a balanced treatment of issues that should be examined when evaluating the wave of working memory training articles that are being published at a steady stream. They reviewed over 40 different working memory intervention studies. I particularly like the visual model of possible factors/mechanisms that should be considered.
Click on images to enlarge



Friday, November 15, 2013

Issue on deep brain stimulation: Neuroethics, Vol. 6, Issue 3 - New Issue Alert





Fri, Nov 15
Dear Valued Customer,
We are pleased to deliver your requested table of contents alert for Neuroethics . Volume 6 Number 3 is now available on SpringerLink .

Register for Springer's email services providing you with info on the latest books in your field. ... More!
Important News!
open choice
Springer Open Choice – Your Way to Open Access
This journal offers an open access option for your article. Publish open access and make your article freely available online! Learn more.
In this issue:
Original Paper
Bonding Brains to Machines: Ethical Implications of Electroceuticals for the Human Brain
Jens Clausen
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF

Original Paper
Health, Happiness and Human Enhancement—Dealing with Unexpected Effects of Deep Brain Stimulation
Maartje Schermer
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF   

Original Paper
Deep Brain Stimulation in Children: Parental Authority Versus Shared Decision-Making
Farah Focquaert
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF

Original Paper
Beyond Blind Optimism and Unfounded Fears: Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment Resistant Depression
Veronica Johansson , Martin Garwicz , Martin Kanje , Helena Röcklinsberg , Jens Schouenborg , Anders Tingström & Ulf Görman
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF

Original Paper
Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment Resistant Depression: Postoperative Feelings of Self-Estrangement, Suicide Attempt and Impulsive–Aggressive Behaviours
Frederic Gilbert
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF

Original Paper
Me, Myself and My Brain Implant: Deep Brain Stimulation Raises Questions of Personal Authenticity and Alienation
Felicitas Kraemer
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF   

Original Paper
Deep Brain Stimulation and the Search for Identity
Karsten Witt , Jens Kuhn , Lars Timmermann , Mateusz Zurowski & Christiane Woopen
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF   

Original Paper
"I Am Who I Am": On the Perceived Threats to Personal Identity from Deep Brain Stimulation
Françoise Baylis
Abstract    Full text HTML    Full text PDF   

Original Paper
Did My Brain Implant Make Me Do It? Questions Raised by DBS Regarding Psychological Continuity, Responsibility for Action and Mental Competence
Laura Klaming & Pim Haselager



--
*************************************************************
Kevin S. McGrew, PhD
Educational Psychologist
Director, Institute for Applied Psychometrics (IAP)
Purpose, Passion & Serendipity
**************************************************************

Thursday, November 14, 2013

McGrew (2009) CHC article # 1 cited article in Intelligence since 2008

Warning, this is a blow-my-own-horn post.

Today I visited the ISIR journal of Intelligence web page---the premiere journal for intelligence scholars. I was pleased to see that my 2009 publication, "CHC theory and the human cognitive abilities project: Standing on the shoulders of the giants of psychometric intelligence research" has been, according to Scopus, the number one cited article in the journal since 2008. I am humbled and thankfull. If it was not for Doug Detterman's invitation to write this invited article, I would not now have this honor. The last time I checked, many many months ago, it was at #4. This would make my mom and dad proud. A copy of the article can be downloaded here.

 

Tuesday, November 12, 2013

Working memory and musical competence of musicians and non-musicians [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC - Web of Knowledge // visit site
Working memory and musical competence of musicians and non-musicians
Title: Working memory and musical competence of musicians and non-musicians
Author(s): Hansen, Mads; Wallentin, Mikkel; Vuust, Peter
Source: PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC, 41 (6): 779-793 NOV 2013
IDS#: 239BQ. ISSN: 0305-7356

Saturday, November 02, 2013

Fluid reasoning (Gf) influenced by processing speed (Gs) via white matter tract organization/integriety

Click on images to enlarge

Interesting study that gets at the previously demonstrated causal relation between processing speed (Gs) and fluid reasoning (Gf), with the causal mechanism suggested to be white matter tract organization/integrity. I find this study interesting as it is consistent with a white paper I have writtten that implicates white matter integrity and cognitive functioninng (g an Gf). It is my working hypothesis that those brain training programs that demonstrate effectivness may be modifying underlying white matter tract integrity....and thus better brain network communication....especially the executive control and salience networks involved in the attentional control system, and thus working memory capacity. Remember...this is a "working paper"....it can be downloaded here.

 

White matter maturation supports the development of reasoning ability through its influence on processing speed [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE - Web of Knowledge // visit site
White matter maturation supports the development of reasoning ability through its influence on processing speed
Title: White matter maturation supports the development of reasoning ability through its influence on processing speed
Author(s): Ferrer, Emilio; Whitaker, Kirstie J.; Steele, Joel S.; et al.
Source: DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE, 16 (6): 941-951 NOV 2013
IDS#: 233EP. ISSN: 1467-7687




Does working memory training lead to generalized improvements in children with low working memory? A randomized controlled trial [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE - Web of Knowledge // visit site
Does working memory training lead to generalized improvements in children with low working memory? A randomized controlled trial
Title: Does working memory training lead to generalized improvements in children with low working memory? A randomized controlled trial
Author(s): Dunning, Darren L.; Holmes, Joni; Gathercole, Susan E.
Source: DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE, 16 (6): 915-925 NOV 2013
IDS#: 233EP. ISSN: 1467-7687




Friday, November 01, 2013

Article: Functional Architecture of the Brain, Restoring Impairments and Improving Cognition (FABRIC) - Federal Business Opportunities: Opportunities


Functional Architecture of the Brain, Restoring Impairments and Improving Cognition (FABRIC) - Federal Business Opportunities: Opportunities
https://www.fbo.gov/index?_cview=0&id=272b4b9d18e528d33b313352e8122ea9&mode=form&s=opportunity&tab=core

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******************************************************
Kevin McGrew, PhD
Educational Psychologist
Director, Institute for Applied Psychometrics
IAP
******************************************************

Journal Alert - JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS




Title:
Atomoxetine for Treating ADHD Symptoms in Autism: A Systematic Review

Authors:
Ghanizadeh, A

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):635-640; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: This study systematically reviews the current literature on
the administration of atomoxetine for treating children and adolescents
with comorbidity on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and ADHD. Method:
PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar databases were electronically searched
to find the published trials on atomoxetine and ASD. Results: Six
articles reported the clinical trials of atomoxetine for treatment of
ADHD symptoms in patients with autism or pervasive development
disorders. Only one study that was placebo-controlled crossover pilot
trial reported that it is effective. Atomoxetine may be effective in
high-functioning patients with autism or patients with low severity.
Those with high severity of ASD may be more vulnerable to the adverse
effects of atomoxetine. Conclusion: There are not enough controlled
clinical trials for showing the efficacy of atomoxetine for treatment of
ADHD symptoms in autism. Although evidence suggests potential efficacy
of atomoxetine, the current evidences are not conclusive.

========================================================================


*Pages: 641-654 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400002
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Title:
Brain Cortical Thickness in ADHD: Age, Sex, and Clinical Correlations

Authors:
Montes, LGA; Alcantara, HP; Garcia, RBM; De La Torre, LB; Acosta, DA;
Duarte, MG

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):641-654; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have
shown reduced cortical thickness (CT) in individuals with ADHD, but this
abnormality disappears with age, suggesting developmental delay.
However, cross-sectional MRI studies have shown reduced CT, suggesting
abnormal development. The aim of this study was to compare whole-brain
CT in male and female children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD with
whole-brain CT in matched control participants. Method: MRI scans were
performed on ADHD and control participants. Results: CT data revealed
differences in right hemisphere (RH) only. Reduced CT was observed
predominantly in the frontoparietal region. However, increased CT was
observed predominantly in the occipital lobe. The CT differences were
correlated with severity of ADHD. Analysis of sex differences revealed
that location, number, and magnitude of CT differences were different
between males and females in each age group. Conclusion: These data
support the hypothesis that anatomical abnormalities in ADHD represent
abnormal development rather than developmental delay.

========================================================================


*Pages: 655-659 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400003
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Title:
Adolescent Outcome of Child ADHD in Primary Care Setting: Stability of Diagnosis

Authors:
Srebnicki, T; Kolakowski, A; Wolanczyk, T

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):655-659; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the functioning of
patients with ADHD 6 to 7 years after the diagnosis. One objective was
to determine the stability of diagnosis, symptoms decline, subtype
change, remission, and change of diagnosis. Method: In all, 101
participants were chosen for testing. All were interviewed for the
presence of ADHD and social, academic, and peer functioning, and
completed Youth Self-Report. The caregivers completed a Wender Utah
Rating Scale and Child Behavior Checklist, and were asked to assess the
social, academic, and peer functioning of their offspring. Results: A
total of 56% (n = 57) still met the criteria for ADHD and 24.7% (n = 25)
still met the criteria for hyperkinetic disorder (HKD). Subtype
migration was observed. In all, 7.7% (n = 14) were rediagnosed with
Asperger's syndrome, 2.2% (n = 4) received a diagnosis of bipolar
disorder, 2.2% (n = 4) were diagnosed with mental retardation, 1 with
schizophrenia, and 1 with genetic disorder. Conclusion: The reliability
of diagnosis was high. The rates of all subtypes of ADHD decreased. More
measures need to be taken in terms of differential diagnosis of ADHD and
Asperger's Syndrome.

========================================================================


*Pages: 660-669 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400004
*Order Full Text [ ]

Title:
Prediction of ADHD to Anxiety Disorders: An 11-Year National Insurance Data Analysis in Taiwan

Authors:
Tai, YM; Gau, CS; Gau, SSF; Chiu, HW

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):660-669; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: To prospectively investigate prediction of ADHD to anxiety
disorders (ANXs) in a national sample of Taiwan. Method: From the Taiwan
National Health Insurance Dataset (1997-2007), we collected 2,385 cases
of new diagnoses of ADHD from 1999 to 2003 and 9,540 sex-, age- and
index dates of the first diagnosis of ADHD-matched cohort controls
without ADHD. The outcome is age of the first diagnosis of ANXs until
December 31, 2007. Results: More cases of ADHD (17.7%) developed ANXs
than did matched controls (1.9%) with a younger age onset (12.7 years
vs. 17.9 years) and a shorter survival time (1.4 years vs. 5.0 years).
Cox models revealed a significant prediction of ADHD to ANXs controlling
for other psychiatric comorbidities [Hazard ratio (HR) = 15.83]. The
magnitude of such association was greater in males and decreased with
older age of first ADHD diagnosis. Conclusion: The findings imply that
early detection and treatment for ADHD may offset later development of
ANXs.

========================================================================


*Pages: 670-680 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400005
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Title:
The Direct Effects of Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity on Peer Problems and Mediating Roles of Prosocial and Conduct Problem Behaviors in a Community Sample of Children

Authors:
Andrade, BF; Tannock, R

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):670-680; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: This study tested whether children's symptoms of inattention
and hyperactivity/impulsivity were associated with peer problems and
whether these associations were mediated by conduct problems and
prosocial behaviors. Method: A community sample of 500 children,
including 245 boys and 255 girls, who ranged in age from 6 to 9 years (M
= 7.6, SD = 0.91) were recruited. Teachers' report of children's
inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, conduct problems, prosocial
behaviors, and peer problems was collected. Results: Symptoms of
inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity were significantly positively
associated with peer problems. Conduct problems were associated with
more peer problems and prosocial behaviors with less peer problems.
Conduct problems and prosocial behaviors partially mediated the
association between hyperactivity/impulsivity and peer problems and
fully mediated the inattention-peer problems association. Conclusion:
Findings show that prosocial behaviors and conduct problems are
important variables that account for some of the negative impact of
symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity on peer
functioning.

========================================================================


*Pages: 681-689 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400006
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Title:
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Among Young Adolescents With ADHD: Relations to Mental Health, Academic, and Social Functioning

Authors:
Becker, SP; Langberg, JM

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):681-689; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: This study investigated the role of sluggish cognitive tempo
(SCT) in relation to externalizing and internalizing mental health
problems, academic functioning, and social functioning among young
adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Method: In all, 57 youth ages 10 to 14 participated in the study.
Parents rated SCT, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms, as well as
social and academic impairment. Teachers rated academic and peer
impairment, and intelligence and academic achievement also were
assessed. Results: Above and beyond ADHD and conduct problem symptoms,
SCT was associated with internalizing mental health symptoms and social
problems. The association between SCT and externalizing problems or
academic functioning was not significant when accounting for ADHD
symptomatology and intelligence. Conclusion: SCT is consistently
associated with internalizing symptoms and is also associated with young
adolescents' general social difficulties. When controlling for important
related constructs, SCT is not associated with externalizing symptoms or
academic impairment among young adolescents with ADHD.

========================================================================


*Pages: 690-698 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400007
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Title:
German Validation of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale-Self-Report: Confirmation of Factor Structure in a Large Sample of Participants With ADHD

Authors:
Christiansen, H; Hirsch, O; Philipsen, A; Oades, RD; Matthies, S;
Hebebrand, J; Ueckermann, J; Abdel-Hamid, M; Kraemer, M; Wiltfang, J;
Graf, E; Colla, M; Sobanski, E; Alm, B; Rosler, M; Jacob, C; Jans, T;
Huss, M; Schimmelmann, BG; Kis, B

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):690-698; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: The Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) assess symptoms
specific to adults that are frequently used and have been translated
into German. The current study tests the factor structure of the CAARS
in a large sample of German adults with ADHD and compares the means of
the CAARS subscales with those of healthy German controls. Method: CAARS
were completed by 466 participants with ADHD and 851 healthy control
participants. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish model
fit with the American original. Comparisons between participants with
ADHD and healthy controls and influences of gender, age, and degree of
education were analyzed. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis showed a
very good fit with the model for the American original. Differences
between ADHD participants and healthy controls on all Conners Adult ADHD
Rating Scales-Self-Report (CAARS-S) subscales were substantial and
significant. Conclusion: The factor structure of the original American
model was successfully replicated in this sample of adult German ADHD
participants.

========================================================================


*Pages: 699-710 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400008
*Order Full Text [ ]

Title:
Comparison of Mother, Father, and Teacher Reports of ADHD Core Symptoms in a Sample of Child Psychiatric Outpatients

Authors:
Sollie, H; Larsson, B; Morch, WT

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):699-710; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: To explore the significance of adding father ratings to
mother and teacher ratings in the assessment of ADHD symptoms in
children. Method: The ADHD Rating Scale-IV, the Child Behavior
Checklist, and the Teacher Report Form were filled out by all three
informants for a sample of 48 clinically referred children (79% boys)
aged 6 to 15 (M = 10.1) years. Results: Correspondence between father
and teacher reports on ADHD-specific symptoms (intraclass correlation
coefficient [ICC] = .38) exceeded that between mothers and teachers (ICC
= .23). Fathers rated their children as having fewer problems than did
mothers and teachers on Total scale scores and the Inattention subscale
of the ADHD Rating Scale-IV. Mother ratings were more sensitive to an
ADHD diagnosis, whereas father ratings better predicted an ADHD
diagnosis requiring the two-setting criterion. Conclusion: The choice of
parent informant and informant combination had a considerable impact on
parent-teacher concordance and estimates of ADHD symptoms and subtypes
in the child.

========================================================================


*Pages: 711-721 (Article)
*View Full Record: http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Alerting&SrcApp=Alerting&DestApp=CCC&DestLinkType=FullRecord;KeyUT=CCC:000325419400009
*Order Full Text [ ]

Title:
Training Executive, Attention, and Motor Skills: A Proof-of-Concept Study in Preschool Children With ADHD

Authors:
Halperin, JM; Marks, DJ; Bedard, ACV; Chacko, A; Curchack, JT; Yoon, CA;
Healey, DM

Source:
*JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS*, 17 (8):711-721; NOV 2013

Abstract:
Objective: To examine whether cognitive enhancement can be delivered
through play to preschoolers with ADHD and whether it would affect
severity of ADHD symptoms. Method: Twenty-nine 4- and 5-year-old
children and their parents participated in separate group sessions (3-5
children/group). Child groups were introduced games designed to enhance
inhibitory control, working memory, attention, visuospatial abilities,
planning, and motor skills. Parent groups were encouraged playing these
games with their children at least 30 to 45 min/day and taught
strategies for scaffolding difficulty levels and dealing with obstacles
to daily playing. Results: Parent ratings and session attendance
indicated considerable satisfaction with the program. Parent (p < .001)
and teacher (p = .003) ratings on the ADHD-Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV)
indicated significant improvement in ADHD severity from pre- to
post-treatment, which persisted 3 months later. Conclusion: This
play-based intervention for preschoolers with ADHD is readily
implemented at home. Preliminary evidence suggests efficacy beyond the
termination of active treatment.

========================================================================



--
*************************************************************
Kevin S. McGrew, PhD
Educational Psychologist
Director, Institute for Applied Psychometrics (IAP)
Purpose, Passion & Serendipity
**************************************************************

Update: On Neuroplasticity, Yoga Meditation, Cognitive Training, and Total Health [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on SharpBrains // visit site
Update: On Neuroplasticity, Yoga Meditation, Cognitive Training, and Total Health

brainstormingTime for Sharp­Brains' October 2013 e-newsletter, featuring a variety of articles, interviews, and brain teasers. Enjoy!

Fresh research and perspectives:

Interviews with sharp brains:

Brain teasers:

Happy Halloween, and have a great month of November!


PEBS Neuroethics Roundup (JHU) [feedly]


 
 
Shared via feedly // published on Neuroethics & Law Blog // visit site
PEBS Neuroethics Roundup (JHU)
Last Edition's Most Popular Article(s): A Map of How Personality Types Vary Across the United States, Gizmodo In The Popular Press Why are kids who get less candy happier on halloween? NPR: The Salt Poverty Produces Smaller Brains, Time Health...