Multi-domain training enhances attentional control.
Binder, Julia C.;
Martin, Mike;
Zöllig, Jacqueline;
Röcke, Christina;
Mérillat, Susan;
Eschen, Anne;
Jäncke, Lutz;
Shing, Yee Lee
Psychology and Aging, Vol 31(4), Jun 2016, 390-408.
http://dx.doi.org.ezp1.lib.umn.edu/10.1037/pag0000081
Abstract
Multi-domain
training potentially increases the likelihood of overlap in processing
components with transfer tasks and everyday life, and hence is a
promising training approach for older adults. To empirically test this,
84 healthy older adults aged 64 to 75 years were randomly assigned to
one of three single-domain training conditions (inhibition, visuomotor
function, spatial navigation) or to the simultaneous training of all
three cognitive functions (multi-domain training condition). All
participants trained on an iPad at home for 50 training sessions. Before
and after the training, and at a 6-month follow-up measurement,
cognitive functioning and training transfer were assessed with a
neuropsychological test battery including tests targeting the trained
functions (near transfer) and transfer to executive functions (far
transfer: attentional control, working memory, speed). Participants in
all four training groups showed a linear increase in training
performance over the 50 training sessions. Using a latent difference
score model, the multi-domain training group, compared with the
single-domain training groups, showed more improvement on the far
transfer attentional control composite. Individuals with initially lower
baseline performance showed higher training-related improvements,
indicating that training compensated for lower initial cognitive
performance. At the 6-month follow-up, performance on the cognitive test
battery remained stable. This is one of the first studies to
investigate systematically multi-domain training including comparable
single-domain training conditions. Our findings suggest that
multi-domain training enhances attentional control involved in handling
several different tasks at the same time, an aspect in everyday life
that is particularly challenging for older people. (PsycINFO Database
Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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